When diving into the world of 3D printing, one of the key factors you’ll need to consider is the build volume, or the maximum print size your 3D printer can handle. Whether you’re a hobbyist printing small trinkets or a professional manufacturing functional prototypes, understanding print size is crucial to ensuring your projects come out just the way you envisioned.
What is Print Size in 3D Printing?
The print size, or build volume, of a 3D printer refers to the maximum physical dimensions that the printer can produce in a single print. It’s typically expressed in three dimensions: length, width, and height (LxWxH), usually in millimeters or inches. For example, a printer with a build volume of 200x200x200 mm can produce an object that is 200 mm long, 200 mm wide, and 200 mm tall.
When to Go Big and When to Keep It Small?
Deciding between a large and small build volume often comes down to the specific demands of your projects. If you’re in a field that requires frequent large-scale prints, such as architecture or engineering, investing in a larger printer can be worth it. On the other hand, for those who work with smaller, detailed models, or who prioritize speed and material efficiency, a smaller build volume might be more appropriate.
In some cases, it’s possible to use modular designs to work around the limitations of a smaller printer by printing large objects in parts and then assembling them. However, this approach requires additional time and precision in post-processing.
Why Does Print Size Matter?
The print size matters because it directly impacts what you can create. If you’re planning to print small items like figurines, jewelry, or intricate parts, a printer with a smaller build volume might be just what you need. But if you’re dreaming of larger projects like cosplay armor, big functional parts, or even furniture components, you’ll need a printer with a larger build volume.
Here are some key factors to consider when thinking about print size:
Project Scope
The larger the build volume, the bigger the object you can print. If you’re working on large-scale projects like furniture parts or life-sized models, you’ll need a printer with a substantial build volume. On the other hand, if your projects are more modest, such as jewelry or small gadgets, a smaller printer might suit your needs perfectly.
Material Usage
Larger prints generally require more material, which can increase costs and the time it takes to complete a project. Understanding the relationship between build volume and material usage can help you budget more effectively.
Print Time
Bigger prints usually take longer. If you’re running on a tight deadline, it’s worth considering whether the print size could affect your timeline. In some cases, you might need to compromise on size or break your project into smaller, more manageable parts.
Precision and Detail
Sometimes, larger build volumes can lead to trade-offs in precision and detail. Smaller printers often excel at capturing intricate details, making them ideal for projects where fine details are critical.
Different Types of 3D Printing Sizes
Different types of 3D printers offer varying build volumes.
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
FDM, commonly known as the “melted plastic extrusion” method, is perhaps the most popular entry-level 3D printing technology due to its affordability and versatility. FDM printers work by heating thermoplastic filaments like ABS or PLA to a semi-liquid state and extruding them layer by layer to form the desired object.
Print Size: FDM printers typically have a build volume ranging from 120 x 120 x 120 mm to 300 x 300 x 400 mm.
Advantages: The flexibility in print size and material choice makes FDM a popular choice for prototyping, educational purposes, and even low-volume production.
Disadvantages: The layer-by-layer construction method can result in visible layers (known as the “stair-stepping effect”), limiting the overall surface finish quality for very fine details.
Stereolithography (SLA)
SLA, on the other hand, uses a laser to cure a photopolymer resin layer by layer, resulting in objects with incredibly smooth surfaces and high precision.
Print Size: Compared to some amateur FDM printers, SLA printers are highly suitable for complex models and prototypes where details are more important than size, and their construction volume is typically around 120 x 68 x 150 mm.
Advantages: SLA prints are known for their exceptional surface quality and dimensional accuracy, making them ideal for applications where aesthetics and precision are crucial.
Disadvantages: The cost of SLA printers and materials is generally higher than FDM, and the post-processing steps can be more involved, including rinsing and curing the resin prints.
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
SLS is a powder-based 3D printing technology that uses a laser to sinter powdered material, such as nylon, layer by layer.
Print Size: They are often used for industrial applications and can offer larger build volumes, sometimes up to 300 x 300 x 300 mm or more. These are ideal for creating complex, durable parts but are generally more expensive.
Advantages: SLS prints are strong, durable, and can achieve complex geometries with minimal support structures needed. The process is suitable for producing functional parts in a wide range of materials.
Disadvantages: SLS printers and materials are among the most expensive 3D printing options, and post-processing can be more complex due to the need to remove excess powder.
Compare FDM, SLA, and SLS Printing
| Aspect | FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) | SLA (Stereolithography) | SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Build Volume | Small to large, typically 100 x 100 x 100 mm to 300 x 300 x 300 mm or more. | Typically 120 x 120 x 120 mm to 300 x 300 x 300 mm. | Typically 150 x 150 x 150 mm to 500 x 500 x 500 mm or more. |
| Price Range | $200 – $5,000+ (Home use to professional). | $1,000 – $10,000+ (Desktop to industrial). | $5,000 – $100,000+ (Industrial-grade machines). |
| Materials | PLA, ABS, PETG, Nylon, TPU, etc. | Standard, tough, flexible, castable, biocompatible, etc. | Nylon, TPU, various polymers, and some metal composites. |
| Accuracy | Typically 100-300 microns. | Typically 25-100 microns. | Typically 50-200 microns. |
| Surface Finish | Visible layer lines, may require post-processing. | High-resolution, often requires post-curing but minimal finishing. | Good detail but with a slightly rough texture due to the powder. |
| Common Uses | Prototyping, hobbyist models, functional parts, low-cost production. | High-detail models, jewelry, dental, and medical applications, engineering prototypes. | Functional prototypes, small production runs, complex geometries, aerospace and automotive parts. |
BOYI: Your Partner in 3D Printing
By choosing BOYI’s 3D printing services, you can avoid the high costs and maintenance associated with owning and operating 3D printers. Our expert team delivers efficient, cost-effective solutions for both small-batch production and complex projects.If you’re looking for a reliable 3D printing service provider, BOYI is your ideal choice.
Ready to optimize your 3D printing strategy? Contact BOYI today to explore your options and find the solution that best fits your business needs.
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Conclusion
Each 3D printing technology offers unique advantages and limitations in terms of print size capabilities. When choosing a 3D printer, it’s essential to consider not only the print size but also the intended use, material requirements, and budget constraints. With the ever-evolving landscape of 3D printing technologies, there’s sure to be a printer that fits your specific needs.
FAQ
The primary difference between .2mm and .4mm nozzles in 3D printing is the diameter of the nozzle opening, which affects the print resolution and speed.
A good size for a 3D printer typically depends on your specific needs and intended applications. For general use, a build volume of 200-250 mm in each dimension is considered versatile and practical.
Select a smaller nozzle for detailed, high-resolution prints and a larger nozzle for faster, larger-scale projects.
Nozzles typically last between 100 to 500 hours, with the exact duration depending on the materials used and how well the nozzle is maintained.
Most 3D printers use filament with a diameter of 1.75 mm or 3 mm. The 1.75 mm filament is more commonly used due to its compatibility with a wider range of printers and its ease of handling.
Smaller nozzles are not necessarily better; their effectiveness depends on your printing needs.
Catalog: 3D Printing Guide
This article was written by engineers from the BOYI team. Fuquan Chen is a professional engineer and technical expert with 20 years of experience in rapid prototyping, mold manufacturing, and plastic injection molding.
